Thursday, July 25, 2013

Servo Motor Controller

A servo motor has three wires, Black (GND), Red (VCC) and White (Control)

Black and Red wire is connected to ground and Vcc respectively and White wire is used to control the rotation of the servo motor.

Servos are controlled by sending them a pulse of variable width. The control wire is used to send this pulse. The servo expects to see a pulse every 20 ms. The parameters for this pulse are that it has a minimum pulse width (usually 0.5ms), a maximum pulse (usually 2ms), and a repetition rate (20ms). 

Given the rotation constraints of the servo, neutral is defined to be the position where the servo has exactly the same amount of potential rotation in the clockwise direction as it does in the counter clockwise direction.  The pulse width of neutral position is usually 1.5ms.

When these servos are commanded to move they will move to the position and hold that position. Servos will not hold their position forever though; the position pulse must be repeated (every 20ms) to instruct the servo to stay in position.

  When a pulse is sent to a servo that is less than 1.5 ms the servo rotates to a position and holds its output shaft some number of degrees counterclockwise from the neutral point. If a pulse larger than 1.5ms is sent, the servo will rotate clockwise to certain angle depeding upon the exact pulse width.

Figure below shows some sample pulse trains



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